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Turkey Country Urbanisation and Economics Report

Top News
Urbanisation
GDP
Investment
Demographics
Net Exports
Public Spending
Public Debt
IPO

Top News

Archaeologists uncover rare fresco of Jesus in town Pope Leo XIV recently visitedFox NewsArchaeologists in Turkey discovered a 3rd-century fresco depicting Jesus as the "Good Shepherd" with Roman attributes in an underground tomb...7 hours ago

Turkey’s Largest City Is Threatened by a Lurking EarthquakeThe New York TimesEscalating activity along a fault line in the Sea of Marmara is moving closer to Istanbul, seismologists warn.1 day ago

'A sense of panic' - what's going on in Turkish football?BBCA wide-ranging investigation into illegal gambling involving figures in Turkish football is underway with hundreds of players,...2 days ago

Turkey says no change in Russian S-400s amid U.S. talks on F-35sReuters · 15 hours ago

Turkey says no change in Russian S-400s amid US talks on F-35sAl Arabiya English · 15 hours ago

Urbanisation Levels

EU and Türkiye hold High-Level Dialogue on ClimateEuropean CommissionOn 1 October 2025, European Commissioner for Climate, Net Zero and Clean Growth Wopke Hoekstra and Turkish Minister of Environment,...2 months ago

Evaluating urbanization effects on biomass density using a hybrid AI model: a case studyNatureUrbanisation profoundly influences both socioeconomic structures and ecological systems worldwide, highlighting the critical need for...2 months ago

Long live youth! Demography of Central Asian statesOSW Ośrodek Studiów WschodnichSince the break-up of the USSR, Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) has been characterised by...3 months ago

Assessment of Lake Sapanca in Turkiye shows why monitoring waterbodies is key to conservationDown To EarthDiscover how monitoring Lake Sapanca in Turkey reveals the vital role of waterbody surveillance in conservation efforts.10 months ago

Cities in Eastern Europe and Central Asia: A Story of Urban Growth and DeclineWorld Bank GroupThe urbanization experience of countries across Eastern Europe and Central Asia is quite unique, and for several reasons.96 months ago

Potential Implications of Accelerated Sea-Level Rise for TurkeyBioOneThis study comprises a first-order evaluation of the implications of accelerated sea-level rise and some other aspects of climate change for Turkey's coastal...81 months ago

Climate shifts and rising demand leave Turkey battling growing water stressPreventionWeb.netPopulation growth, urbanisation, climate change and – critics say – poor water management all are straining Turkey's water supplies.55 months ago

Turkey: a looming demographic crisisOSW Ośrodek Studiów WschodnichAfter many years of rapid population growth, Turkey's demographic future hangs in the balance. The record-low birth rate in 2023 and the...16 months ago

Sustainable Development Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and CommunitiesWelcome to the United NationsBy 2030, provide universal access to safe, inclusive and accessible, green and public spaces, in particular for women and children, older persons and persons...41 months ago

Türkiye: 2023 Earthquakes Situation Report No. 2, As of 19 February 2023ReliefWebSituation Report in English on Türkiye about Food and Nutrition, Health, Earthquake and more; published on 19 Feb 2023 by OCHA.33 months ago

GDP

2026 dubbed 'most critical' year for Türkiye's economic blueprint | Daily SabahDaily SabahNext year will be the 'most critical' one when it comes to the Turkish government's medium-term economic program, Vice President Cevdet...4 days ago

Monitoring Turkey: Continuing upside risks to the inflation outlookING THINK economic and financial analysis | ING ThinkInflation remained on a declining path in November, and we anticipate that the annual inflation rate could be around 31% by the end of 2025.4 days ago

Economic growth decelerates in the third quarter of 2025 but remains solidFocusEconomicsGDP reading: Turkey's GDP grew 1.1% in seasonally adjusted quarter-on-quarter terms in Q3, following 1.6% growth in the previous quarter.2 weeks ago

Istanbul accounts for 29.2% of Türkiye's GDP in 2024, reaches $305B economic outputTürkiye TodayIstanbul generated 29.2% of Türkiye's total Gross Domestic Product in 2024, reaching ₺13 trillion ($305 billion) in economic output and...1 day ago

ISTANBUL BLOG: Turkey’s GDP data – believe it if you want toIntelliNewsAccording to Turkey's central bank, the Turkish economy's output gap turned negative (the official GDP growth releases have fallen below...3 months ago

Travel and tourism's total contribution to GDP in Turkey 2019-2023StatistaTravel and tourism's total contribution to GDP in Turkey 2019-2023 ... In 2023, travel and tourism in the country generated, directly and...2 weeks ago

Turkey (TUR) Exports, Imports, and Trade PartnersThe Observatory of Economic ComplexityIn 2023, Turkey was the number 18 (out of 195) economy in the world in terms of GDP ($1.12T current US$), the number 28 (out of 226) in...1 week ago

Turkey’s GDP Growth Slows, Missing EstimatesTipRanksTurkey's GDP growth rate year-over-year has decreased to 3.7% from the previous 4.9%, marking a 1.2 percentage point decline.1 week ago

The Top 25 Economies in the WorldInvestopediaThe US, China, Germany, Japan, and India are some of the top economies in the world, based on gross domestic product (GDP).1 month ago

Türkiye’s Travel & Tourism to Reach a Record ₺5.2TN This YearWorld Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC)With a projected ₺5.2TN contribution to the national economy in 2025 – equivalent to 12% of Türkiye's GDP – Travel & Tourism is forecast to grow more than ₺200...7 months ago

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Investment

2024 Investment Climate Statements: TurkeyU.S. Department of State (.gov)Türkiye's investment climate is positively influenced by its large domestic market, favorable demographics, skilled workforce, customs union agreement with the...5 months ago

Turkish growth beats expectations amid resilient domestic demandING THINK economic and financial analysis | ING ThinkTurkey's second-quarter GDP data reflected a notable pick-up in annual growth, largely supported by resilient domestic demand.3 months ago

Türkiye should maintain prudent macroeconomic policy to foster investment and growthOECDTo ensure strong and sustainable growth, Türkiye should maintain credible and prudent monetary and fiscal policies, while implementing far-reaching structural...8 months ago

Bangladesh eyes new investment horizons as ties with Türkiye deepen | Daily SabahDaily SabahBangladesh is courting Turkish investors, highlighting its business-friendly climate and growing trade ties during a high-level visit.2 months ago

Armenia: Beyond The Peace DividendGlobal Finance MagazineArmenia's economy surges as peace, reforms, and rising FDI transform it into the South Caucasus hub for technology, trade, and investments.1 month ago

Albania and Turkey Form a Strong Partnership for Sustainable Economic GrowthTravel And Tour WorldThe Albania-Turkey Investment Forum 2025 marked a significant milestone in the expanding relationship between the two nations.1 month ago

Turkey becomes a hotbed of investments as big brands pursue growthHotel Investment Today“Turkey saw positive RevPAR growth for IHG in 2024 and remains one of our fastest-growing European markets, driven by rising demand in the...8 months ago

Turkey Leads G20 Growth as Economy Booms and Attracts Global InvestorsIMI DailyTurkey Leads G20 Growth as Economy Booms and Attracts Global Investors. Turkey outpaced all G20 nations, registering 1.7% quarterly growth in...8 months ago

Türkiye’s economic transformation and growing investment potentialEBRDTürkiye has undergone a remarkable macroeconomic transformation via declining inflation, improved credit ratings and risk premiums, a robust fiscal outlook.6 months ago

Somalia wants greater foreign investment as Turkish engagement boosts economic growthAnadolu AjansıSomalia Investment Promotion Office (SOMINVEST) Director Mohamed Dubo wants more foreign investments, highlighting the East African country's...2 months ago

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Demographics

Türkiye's population growth stalls in 2025 H1 as aging acceleratesTürkiye TodayTürkiye's population rose to 85.82 million in the first half of 2025, increasing by only 90,456 since the start of the year, amid growing...3 months ago

Türkiye’s population reaches 86 million with family support boost | Daily SabahDaily SabahTürkiye's population reached 85980654 as of Oct. 1, marking a steady increase amid ongoing government efforts to support family growth and...2 weeks ago

Turkey largest provinces 2024StatistaIn 2024, the major city of Istanbul had almost **** million inhabitants and was the province with the highest population in Turkey.2 weeks ago

Türkiye’s population nears 86 million amid declining birth ratesHürriyet Daily NewsTürkiye's population has climbed to 85.98 million as of Oct. 1, official data shows, amid unprecedented declines in fertility and rising...2 weeks ago

Turkey has potential in plasticsICISTurkey's plastics sector is set for strong growth as policy changes, new investment and strategic geography strengthen its regional role.2 weeks ago

Turkey’s elderly population rises by 21 percent over 5 years: official dataTurkish MinuteThe number of people aged 65 and over in Turkey has increased by 20.7 percent over the past five years, surpassing 9 million in 2024, according to official...8 months ago

Turkey’s population increases by 300 thousand in one yearDuvar EnglishTurkey's official statistics institution reported that the country's population increased by 292567 in one year, becoming 85.6 million.10 months ago

Turkey: Three-plus children for the economyPopulation MattersAbortions and cesarean sections are secret plots designed to stall Turkey's economic growth and a conspiracy to wipe the Turkish nation from the world stage.10 months ago

Beyond politics: Urgent call to reverse Türkiye’s population decline | Daily SabahDaily SabahPresident Erdoğan warns of a deepening population crisis, calling low birth rates a threat to Türkiye's future.7 months ago

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Export/Import

How Türkiye's economy transformed over the past 22 yearsTRT WorldTürkiye's "uninterrupted growth continues" amid global crises, while the export target of $390B to be reached by end-2025, says the Trade...3 months ago

Turkish exports hit $22.6B in September, annualized near $270B | Daily SabahDaily SabahTürkiye's monthly exports hit an all-time high of $22.6 billion in September, rising 3% on an annual basis, Trade Minister Ömer Bolat said...2 months ago

Türkiye Sees 4.8% Growth in Exports to Neighboring Countries in First Half of 2025Caspian PostThe Turkish Ministry of Trade and Türkiye Exporters Assembly have announced that goods and services worth $13.3 billion were exported to...4 months ago

Türkiye's exports reach record high of $390B in 2025Anadolu AjansıTürkiye becomes 2nd fastest-growing economy among OECD countries during 2000-2024 period, while nation's economy expands fivefold to $1.36T.1 month ago

France acknowledges Turkey’s rapid rise in global defense exports in new reportTurkish MinuteFrance's defense ministry has recognized #Turkey's ascent in the global arms market, citing record-breaking growth in exports driven by...1 month ago

France acknowledges Türkiye’s rapid growth in defense exportsTürkiye TodayFrance's Defense Ministry reported that Türkiye has rapidly advanced in global defense exports, achieving an 80% rise in 2024, driven by UAV...1 month ago

Turkey’s economic rebound softened by soaring importsArabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBITurkey's 2025 trade balance got off to a bad start in January, with import growth outpacing exports growth by 5 percentage points, leaving a $7.5 billion trade...9 months ago

Türkiye sets all-time export record in July, says trade ministerHürriyet Daily NewsTürkiye's Trade Minister Ömer Bolat on Saturday said the country achieved a record $25 billion worth of exports in July.4 months ago

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Public Spending

Turkish gov’t budget returns to $7.4B deficit in SeptemberTürkiye TodayCumulative budget gap reaches $29B in nine months, with interest burden widening despite strong tax performance.1 month ago

Türkiye's budget deficit narrows to $584M in July, down 75% year-on-yearAnadolu AjansıCentral government budget revenues hit $26.6B, while expenditures totaled $27.4B, according to Treasury and Finance Ministry data - Anadolu...3 months ago

Turkey announces surprise tax hike to bolster budget, dampens lira demand: reportTurkish MinuteTurkey raised withholding taxes on lira-denominated deposits and mutual funds, tightening its grip on household savings as it seeks fresh...5 months ago

Turkey's Budget Deficit Widens in OctoberTradingViewTurkey's government budget posted a TRY 223.2 billion deficit in October 2025, widening from TRY 186.3 billion in the same month a year...3 weeks ago

Turkey Surprise Tax Hike to Boost Budget, Risk Lira AppetiteBloombergTurkey raised withholding taxes on lira-denominated deposits and mutual funds, tightening its grip on household savings as it seeks fresh revenue to ease the...5 months ago

Turkey signals tax-and-spend spree with 2026 budgetArabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBITurkey's government is to sharply increase spending in 2026, a move experts say marks the start of the country's next election cycle.1 month ago

Türkiye’s ruling party proposes new bill to boost budget revenues | Daily SabahDaily SabahTürkiye's ruling party has sent to Parliament a draft law on the economy that aims to increase budget revenues, a top lawmaker said on...1 month ago

Türkiye’s budget deficit widens to $25B in 1st half 2025 as interest payments surge 93%Türkiye TodayTürkiye's central government posted a ₺980.5 billion ($24.36 billion) budget deficit in the first half of 2025, driven largely by a sharp...4 months ago

Türkiye's budget posted surplus of $2.4B in AugustAnadolu AjansıBudget revenues total $31.86B, while spending was $29.16B in August, according to Treasury and Finance Ministry data - Anadolu Ajansı.2 months ago

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Public Debt

Moody’s Raises Turkey’s Sovereign-Debt RatingThe Wall Street JournalThe ratings agency said Friday it lifted the country's long-term foreign currency sovereign-credit ratings and local currency issuer ratings to...4 months ago

Turkey’s central government debt stock hits $268 billion: reportTurkish MinuteDomestic debt stood at 5.75 trillion lira ($149 billion), with external debt totaling 4.52 trillion lira ($118 billion). A breakdown by...7 months ago

Turkey State Oil Firm Plans $4 Billion Debt as It Boosts OutputBloomberg.comTakeaways by Bloomberg AI Hide · Turkiye Petrolleri AO plans to sell as much as $4 billion in Islamic debt as part of its push to expand oil and...3 weeks ago

Turkey forgives millions in debt for countries buying its weaponsNordic MonitorThe official debt forgiveness, totaling $58.8 million, stems from a low-interest loan Turkey gave to Kyrgyzstan in 2012. The loan, backed by a...4 months ago

Turkey’s finances hold firm despite record public debtArabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBITurkey's finances hold firm despite record public debt ... Turkey's public debt has hit a record high as government spending outpaces revenue,...1 month ago

Turkish state oil firm plans $4 billion sukuk debt sale | Daily SabahDaily Sabahby Daily Sabah with Agencies ... Turkish state energy company, Turkish Petroleum Corporation (TPAO), plans to sell up to $4 billion in Islamic...3 weeks ago

Turkey’s debt market: Positive momentum expected to extend into 2026ZAWYA“Turkey is seeing a continuation of the busy cycle we saw in 2024. Despite the disruption in March-April, investor confidence remains high.1 month ago

Iraq Kurdish oil exports yet to flow as two producers seek debt guaranteesReutersPipeline oil exports from Iraq's Kurdistan region to Turkey had yet to restart on Tuesday despite hopes of a deal to end the deadlock,...2 months ago

Turkey Taps Debt Market With Dollar Bond as EM Optimism GrowsBloombergTurkey has sold $2.25 billion of 11-year dollar bonds at 6.8% yield, slightly lower than the initial yield the bonds were being marketed at. The...1 month ago

Moody’s upgrades Turkey’s long-term debt ratingTurkish MinuteTurkey secures €350 million loan from AIIB for railway modernization ... Moody's has raised Turkey's long-term debt rating one notch, from B1 to...4 months ago

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Recent IPO News

Türkiye's real estate certificate IPO raises $526M amid strong demand | Daily SabahDaily SabahTurkish real estate investment trust Emlak Konut has raised TL 21.41 billion ($525.8 million) through the initial public offering (IPO) of...4 months ago

Turkish reality show broadcaster launches IPOArabian Gulf Business Insight | AGBITurkish entrepreneur Acun Ilicali is preparing to list his TV channel TV8 TV Yayincilik on the domestic stock exchange.3 weeks ago

Turkish Airlines dismisses near-term IPO for AJetch-aviationTurkish Airlines dismisses near-term IPO for AJet · Most Popular · Also on ch-aviation. SmartLynx Airlines' European fleets inactive. Exclusive...1 month ago

34 companies go public last year, raising 60 bln Turkish LirasHürriyet Daily NewsSome 34 initial public offerings (IPO) were launched in Türkiye last year, according to a new report by the UK-based professional services firm EY.11 months ago

String of Turkish IPOs comes to marketGlobalCapitalAkfen İnşaat, a construction and public-private partnerships investment firm, was the latest to come to market on Monday when it raised TL2.6bn...10 months ago