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China Country Urbanisation and Economics Report

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Urbanisation
GDP
Investment
Demographics
Net Exports
Public Spending
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IPO

Top News

BBCChina executes four more Myanmar mafia members — China has executed four members of the Bai family mafia, which ran scam centres in Myanmar, state media report..

Bloomberg.com — Metals Traders Lose at Least $144 Million as ‘Hat’ Flees China — Chinese metals traders have racked up losses totaling at least 1 billion yuan ($144 million) after one of their counterparties fled the....

Reuters — Trump launches $12 billion minerals stockpile to counter China, Bloomberg News reports — U.S. President Donald Trump is set to launch a strategic critical-minerals stockpile with $12 billion in seed money, Bloomberg News reported....

Al Jazeera — Bangladesh election: What’s at stake for India, China, Pakistan?The South Asian nation heads to the polls on February 12, almost two years after the 2024 student-led uprising..

South China Morning Post — China moves to boost cybercrime penalties by adding exit ban after sentences — Amid cross-border crackdown, draft Cybercrime Prevention and Control Law bill names exit bans as among tools to punish cybercriminals..

Urbanisation Levels

Nature — Does people oriented urbanization catch up with land and population urbanization — Recently, China has undergone rapid urbanization in terms of population and urban land growth. However, there are notable lags in the....Jul 29, 2025

Frontiers — Spatiotemporal characteristics and spatial heterogeneity of influencing factors in China’s urbanization process: based on nighttime light remote sensing data — Introduction — The process of urbanization involves all aspects of society and understanding the spatial differences in urban development is....Aug 12, 2025

South China Morning Post — No more empty trains: China tightens rules on subway expansions to curb debt — Rich hubs, including Ningbo and Suzhou, are hitting regulatory roadblocks as the central government prioritises fiscal discipline over....1 month ago

Nature — Research on the dynamic changes and influencing factors of the new urbanization level in Counties of China’s revolutionary old areas — Counties represent a crucial spatial unit for achieving integrated urban-rural development and coordinated regional development..Aug 28, 2025

Parametric Architecture — Chongqing: The World’s Most Complex Vertical City Explained — Chongqing, unlike any other on Earth, is located at the meeting point of the Jialing and Yangtze Rivers in China. Chongqing, often known as....Sep 23, 2025

Science — Direct.com — Lead exposure in Chinese children: Urbanization lowers children's blood lead levels (BLLs)This study is the initial investigation to explore the correlation between urbanization and BLLs in Chinese children..May 1, 2024

China Briefing — Urbanization in China - New Action Plan to Facilitate Urban Migration — A new five-year action plan seeks to boost urbanization in China by implementing a series of policies to facilitate the settlement of rural migrants in cities..Aug 19, 2024

Statista — Degree of urbanization in China in 2024, by province or region — In 2024, the urbanization rate in different provinces of China varied between 89.9 percent in Shanghai municipality and 39.7 percent in Tibet..Feb 14, 2020

Natureemission in Chinese cities: an empirical analysis — Rapid aging and urbanization pose major challenges to global CO2 reduction efforts, particularly in China. As such, effective carbon....1 month ago

Yale Insights — What Should We Understand about Urbanization in China?The scale of urbanization in China is without precedent in human history. The transformation is also complex and nuanced, says Yale's Karen Seto..Nov 1, 2013

GDP

The Diplomat – Asia-Pacific Current Affairs Magazine — The Growing Cost of China’s GDP Target — The Chinese economy has once again hit its mark. In mid-January, the National Bureau of Statistics announced that the economy expanded by 5....

NDTV"Balance Of Power Is Changing": Musk As India, China Lead Global GDP Growth — China and India have been placed at the top of the global real GDP growth chart and are projected to contribute 26.6% and 17%..

Hindustan Times‘Will bridge gap with China’: Sitharaman cites Elon Musk's post on India's global GDP role forecast | India News — Sitharaman said that India should have the confidence that, together with a big economy like China, which is next door, "we contribute 43%....

The Economist — China hits its GDP target—in a weird way — GDP grew by 5%, although China's population fell even faster than forecast. Growth was boosted by a record trade surplus, which reached almost....2 weeks ago

South China Morning Post — Exclusive | China to set GDP growth range, providing policy flexibility in 2026: sources — China has set and met an annual GDP growth of “about 5 per cent” for three consecutive years. The growth rate was 5.2 per cent in 2023 and 5 per....1 week ago

CNNChina’s birth rate drops to record low as economy hits target despite US trade war — The rate fell to 5.63 births per 1,000 people in 2025, beneath 2023's low of 6.39 per 1,000, China's National Bureau of Statistics reported on....2 weeks ago

Goldman Sachs — China's Economy is Expected to Grow 4.8% in 2026 Amid Surging Exports — China's Economy is Expected to Grow 4.8% in 2026 Amid Surging Exports ... Goldman Sachs Research expects China's real GDP to grow by 4.8%, above....3 weeks ago

Reuters — China hits 2025 GDP growth target on export boom, but can't shake domestic chill — China hits 2025 GDP growth target on export boom, but can't shake domestic chill · China 2025 GDP expands 5.0%, meeting government's target · Q4....2 weeks ago

CNBCChina fourth-quarter growth slows to 4.5%, weakest in nearly three years as consumption misses forecasts — China's GDP grew 4.5% in the October to December period, slowing from 4.8% in the third quarter. Full-year economic output came in at 5%,....2 weeks ago

Al Jazeera — China says GDP grew 5% in 2025, among weakest expansions in decades — China says GDP grew 5% in 2025, among weakest expansions in decades. The world's second-largest economy slowed to 4.5 percent growth in the....2 weeks ago

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Investment

Eurasia Review — China Needs To Pay Attention To The Decoupling Of Its Investment And Economic Growth – Analysis — By Xia Ri. Macroeconomic growth analysis and its core framework are typically conducted by examining the percentage-point contributions of....

Fierce Pharma — Fierce Pharma Asia—AZ's $15B China investment; Boehringer, Simcere's IBD deal; Daiichi's ADC growth push — AZ pledged a $15 billion China investment. BI and Simcere inked a potential $1 billion IBD deal. Daiichi is navigating a complex ADC market..

CNBCChina's investment crash raises credit risks for homebuilders, banks, government: Fitch — China's sharp investment downturn is amplifying credit risks across the economy, weighing on the credit profiles of homebuilders, banks and....2 weeks ago

Bloomberg — China Investment Crash Puzzles Economists, Threatens Growth — Takeaways by Bloomberg AI Hide ... China's collapsing investment is as unprecedented as it is hard to explain. A plunge estimated at more than 11%....Nov 14, 2025

Financial Times — Global green investment keeps growing despite China market shock — Signs of broader-based growth as renewable energy investment falls in China..

South China Morning Post — How China’s global investment model is changing – and what it means for the yuan — Foreign direct investment (FDI) has been a crucial pillar of China's economy since it opened up, drawing in trillions and helping fuel its....3 weeks ago

国家统计局Investment in Fixed Assets from January to August 2025From January to August 2025, the national investment in fixed assets (excluding rural households) amounted to 32,611.1 billion yuan,....Sep 16, 2025

Carnegie Endowment for International Peace — The Chinese Investment Riddle: What Cities Reveal — While China's investment story seems contradictory from the outside, the real answers to Beijing's high-quality growth ambitions are hiding....Aug 14, 2025

Invesco2026 Investment Outlook – Chinese Equities — Discover China's next growth wave in 2026, powered by industrial innovation, AI momentum, and dynamic consumer trends, all underpinned by....Nov 26, 2025

Pensions & Investments — China Investment Corp. reports 18% growth, portfolio refinements — China Investment Corp., Beijing, said in its annual report published Dec. 9 that assets grew by 18% in 2024 to $1.57 trillion. Its asset....1 month ago

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Demographics

CNNChina’s birth rate drops to record low as economy hits target despite US trade war — China clocked its lowest birth rate on record in 2025 as its population shrank for the fourth year in a row, deepening a demographic....2 weeks ago

Global Trade Magazine — China’s Population Decline Reshapes Global Shipping and Commodity Demand — China is no longer the world's most populous nation, according to an analysis from Splash247. India now holds the title with....

NBC News — China's population falls for a fourth straight year, with births at lowest in decades — The population of the world's second most populous country dropped by 3.39 million in 2025 to 1.405 billion, a faster decline than in 2024,....2 weeks ago

PBSChina's population falls again as birth rate drops to lowest since 1949Despite lifting the one-child policy to allow three children, the fertility rate remains low. Most families cite the costs and pressure of....2 weeks ago

Think Global Health — China's Failing Bid to Reverse Population Decline — China's policies to combat population decline have struggled to address gender inequality and the cost of living..Jul 3, 2025

BBCChina's birth rate hits record low as population continues to shrink — China's birth rates sunk to a record low in 2025, despite the government rolling out a spate of incentives to boost it, as the country's....2 weeks ago

The Economist — It’s not just China’s total population that’s falling — THE FUTURE has already arrived in China, claims Lawrence Lek, an artist, in his influential video-essay “Sinofuturism”..3 weeks ago

Our World in Data — India, China, Europe, and the United States are on very different population paths — This chart tracks the UN's latest demographic projections for four large populations: India, China, Europe, and the United States..Sep 5, 2025

South China Morning Post — Baby bust: China births plunge 17% in 2025 to historic low as population shrinks — With Beijing having accelerated family-support policies and childcare subsidies, analysts warn that structural reforms are vital to arrest....2 weeks ago

Reuters — China's population drops for fourth year as fewer babies born — BEIJING, Jan 19 (Reuters) - China's population fell for a fourth consecutive year in 2025 as the birthrate plunged to a record low,....2 weeks ago

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Export/Import

Fortune — China's export-led growth is looking more and more unsustainable while deflation hits economy — The flood of Chinese exports around the world helped the economy blow past President Donald Trump's massive tariff hikes, while Beijing....

CNBCChina's annual trade surplus hits a record $1.2 trillion, even as exports to U.S. decline by 20%Exports surged 6.6% in U.S. dollar terms last month from a year earlier, topping Reuters-polled analysts' median estimate for a 3% growth..3 weeks ago

Index — Box — China's Chloroform Market Forecast Shows Modest Growth With 1.3% CAGR in Value Through 2035China's chloroform market is forecast to grow slightly in volume (CAGR +0.4%) and value (CAGR +1.3%) through 2035, despite recent declines....

BBCChina hits growth goal after exports defy US tariffs — China hits growth goal after exports defy US tariffs · China said its economy expanded by 5% last year, meeting Beijing's official target as a....2 weeks ago

The Wall Street Journal — China Reports Robust Economic Growth, Thanks to Resilient Exports — Quick Summary · China's GDP expanded 5% last year, meeting Beijing's official growth target. · Exports increased by 5.5%, contributing to a....2 weeks ago

Shanghai Metals Market[SMM Steel Exports 2025] Domestic Demand Shift and Global Trends: China's Steel Export Surge Explained(Part 2)[SMM Steel Import and Export Special Topic] Outward Leap Under Domestic Demand Restructuring: A Panoramic Analysis of the Deep-Seated Logic....

Bloomberg — Chinese Exports Give Biggest Growth Boost to Economy Since 1997Takeaways by Bloomberg AI Hide · Net exports of goods and services added almost 33% to last year's expansion in China's gross domestic product..2 weeks ago

CNNChina’s trade surplus hits $1 trillon in just 11 months despite plunge in shipments to USOverall exports from China were 5.9% higher than last year in November in dollar terms, customs data released on Monday showed, at $330.3....Dec 8, 2025

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Public Spending

Bloomberg.com — China Undershoots 2025 Spending Goal in Sign of Caution on Debt — China's government racked up a record budget deficit last year as spending on social welfare grew at the fastest since 2017, marking a shift....

Reuters — China January-June fiscal revenue dips, expenditure rise slows down — China's fiscal revenue dipped 0.3% in the first six months from a year earlier, the finance ministry said on Friday, maintaining the rate of....Jul 25, 2025

China Daily — China's general public budget revenue crosses 20t yuan in the first 11 months — China's general public budget revenue, the sum of tax revenue and non-tax revenue, reached over 20 trillion yuan ($2.83 trillion) in the....1 month ago

Rhodium Group — China’s Harsh Fiscal Winter — China's aggregate fiscal revenues are likely to decline in 2025, even if China meets its full-year economic growth targets of “around 5%.”.Mar 24, 2025

Yicai Global — China's Tax Revenue Maintains Strong Growth in October(Yicai) Nov. 18 -- China's tax revenue continued to expand in October for the fourth consecutive month, according to the latest official....Nov 18, 2025

The New York Times — China’s Government Is Short of Money as Its Leaders Face Trump — Buried in China's latest government budget were some numbers that add up to an alarming trend. Tax revenue is dropping..Mar 22, 2025

Penn Wharton Budget Model — Effective Tariff Rates and Revenues (Updated December 23, 2025)The USITC recently released updated trade and tariff data. We use this data to provide up-to-date estimates of customs revenue and effective....1 month ago

China — Power Project — Making Sense of China’s Government Budget — This interactive provides a breakdown of China's fiscal incomes and outlays within the general public budget..Mar 16, 2023

China Daily — Ministry releases data on general public budget revenue showing slight increases — China's general public budget revenue, the sum of tax revenue and non-tax revenue, reached about 18.65 trillion yuan ($2.62 trillion) in the....Nov 17, 2025

Reuters — China's fiscal revenue falls 1.1% in January-March — China's fiscal revenue decline slowed in the first three months this year as Beijing works to shore up its economy while weathering the....Apr 18, 2025

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Public Debt

Nikkei Asia — China Vanke warns of $11.8bn loss for 2025SHANGHAI -- Troubled property developer China Vanke on Friday said it expects to book a net loss of 82 billion yuan ($11.8 billion) for 2025....

Reuters — How much does Venezuela owe China, and why is oil involved?The U.S. takeover of Venezuela's oil exports has re-routed crude barrels that were being used to service debt owed to China..1 week ago

South China Morning Post — China dumps more US debt, buys other assets as Trump targets Powell — Beijing's stockpile fell to US$682.6 billion in November, down from US$688.7 billion in October, according to US Treasury Department data....2 weeks ago

Council on Foreign Relations — China’s Massive Belt and Road Initiative — China's colossal infrastructure investments may usher in a new era of trade and growth for economies in Asia and beyond..Feb 22, 2019

Bloomberg.com — China Looks for Assurances Over Billions in Loans to Venezuela — Chinese officials have sought talks with Venezuelan and US officials to get assurances over its loans to the South American country,....3 weeks ago

AP News — Trump has a China problem in Venezuela: What to do with Beijing’s debt and oil stakes — Trump has a China problem in Venezuela: What to do with Beijing's debt and oil stakes ... WASHINGTON (AP) — When it comes to claiming that....3 weeks ago

Reuters — US control of Venezuela oil risks debt restructuring showdown with China — Around a tenth of Venezuela's $150 billion foreign debt pile is estimated to be loans from China that the OPEC member was paying in oil cargoes....1 week ago

Asia Times — US debt surge leaves China, Japan holding the bag in 2026US debt surge leaves China, Japan holding the bag in 2026 ... TOKYO — A trillion here, a trillion there and pretty soon you're talking about real....1 month ago

South China Morning Post‘Odious debt’: why China is at risk of painful losses in post-Maduro Venezuela — China has lent Venezuela tens of billions of dollars in recent decades. But Caracas could simply declare those obligations void, analysts say..3 weeks ago

CGEPUS Action Threatens Venezuela-China Oil Flows, Debt Repayment, and Investments — While most of Venezuela's oil exports have China as their final destination, only a fraction of those oil exports are meant to cover Venezuela's....4 weeks ago

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Recent IPO News

Finimize — China’s United Aircraft Eyes An IPO To Fund Next-Gen Drones — The Shenzhen drone maker is ramping deliveries and overseas sales while planning a Hong Kong or mainland listing in 2027 or 2028. China's....

e — Week — Chinese AI Chipmaker Axera Semiconductor Targets $379M in Hong Kong IPOIf completed, the listing would add to a growing pipeline of Chinese semiconductor and AI companies turning to Hong Kong's equity markets....

Reuters — China's Eastroc Beverage to price HK IPO at top of range; targeting $1.3 billion raise — Energy drink maker Eastroc Beverage said on Friday it has determined to price its Hong Kong listing at the top of its offer range, aiming to....

Bamboo Works — Gemilai brews up new coffee IPO. But will an overheated market scare off investors?leading espresso machine maker Gemilai has filed to list in Hong Kong, reporting 44% revenue growth and a fivefold profit increase last....

Trading — View — COSMOPlat, Serving 160,000 Firms, Files for Hong Kong IPO on "AI+Industrial Internet" Wave — HONG KONG, Feb 2, 2026 - (ACN Newswire) - On 30 January, COSMOPlat Io — T Technology Co., Ltd. ("COSMOPlat" or the "Company") formally....